^ Matches the begining of a line
$ Matches the end of the line
. Matches any character
\s Matches whitespace
\S Mathces any non-whitespace character
* Repeats a character zero or more times
*? Repeats a character zero or more times (non-greedy)
+ Repeats a character one or more times
+? Repeats a character one or more times (non-greedy)
[aeiou] Matches a single character in the listed set
[^XYZ] Matches a single character not in the listed set
[a-z0-9] The set of characters can include a range
( Indicates where tring extraction is to start
) Indicates where string extraction is to end